arthrosis(osteoarthritis) is a dystrophic disease of the joints associated with slow degeneration and destruction of the intra-articular cartilage. Over time, there is a restructuring of the articular edges of the bones, inflammation and degeneration of the periarticular tissue. The concept of "arthrosis" (deforming osteoarthritis) includes a group of joint diseases of degenerative-inflammatory nature, which have different origins and similar mechanisms.
Causes
Primary osteoarthritis against the background of age-related and / or biomechanical changes. Second, it occurs after an injury, against the background of diabetes mellitus or thyroid disease, due to vascular disorders, etc. Contributes to the damage of the ankle joints and the development of osteoarthritis of the flat feet, which violates the absorption functions of foot kicks. Timely application of specially selected orthopedic insoles allows you to correct foot deformity and reduce stress on the joints.
Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disease, and its frequency increases with age. But this disease occurs not only in the elderly, which determines its social importance.
Symptoms:
- pain during exercise, calming at rest;
- restriction of mobility and cracking in the joints;
- muscle tension in the joint area;
- possible periodic appearance of swelling, gradual deformation of the joint.
Primary osteoarthritis - 40-50% of osteoarthritis cases. The disease develops in a healthy joint beforehand, and its cause is not joint damage, but, for example, hard physical work.
Secondary osteoarthritis - 50-60% of cases. The joint, prone to osteoarthritis, deformed even before the disease - for example, as a result of trauma.
Which joints are affected by osteoarthritis?
Most often arthrosis develops in the joints of the lower half of the body (hip, knee, first metatarsophalangeal). In the hands, the joints of the phalanges of the fingers are most often exposed to osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis usually occurs first in one joint, and then in the second - symmetrical with the first.
Coxarthrosis
Coxarthrosis(arthrosis of the hip joint) is characterized by a progressive course and impaired statodynamic function of the musculoskeletal system. It occupies one of the first places among the degenerative-dystrophic diseases of the musculoskeletal system. The dystrophic process begins with the articular cartilage - its thinning, detachment, fragmentation occurs and its softening properties are lost. As a compensatory reaction of the articular surfaces of the hip joint, marginal bone growths are formed. In the future, sclerosis develops and cysts form in the articular sections of the femoral head and acetabulum.
Gonarthrosis
Gonarthrosisosteoarthritis of the knee joint) occupies a leading place in the group of arthritic lesions of the joints of the extremities. Patients with gonarthrosis consistently predominate among patients attending polyclinics, but, unfortunately, they are few among those treated in our hospitals. Hospital treatment can have a much greater effect than outpatient therapy at work. Known to doctors for over 100 years, this disease in everyday life is called "salt deposition".